The same is true about estimates per country. Almost half of the people polled could not name a single concentration camp. Jewish population in 1937: approximately 200Deaths: unknown, Jewish population of Austria in 1938: 185,026 Deaths: 65,459, Jewish population of Belgium in 1939: 90,000 Deaths: 24,387, Jewish population of Bulgaria in 1937: 50,000Deaths: unknown, Jewish population of Czechoslovakia in 1921: 354,000 Deaths: 260,000, SudetenlandJewish population in 1939: 2,363Deaths: at least 360, Bohemia-Moravia Jewish population in 1930: 117,551Deaths: 77,297, SlovakiaJewish population in 1940: 88,951 Deaths: approximately 60,000, Hungarian-occupied Southern Slovakia and Subcarpathian Rus Jewish population in 1939: 142,000148,000Deaths: 114,000120,000, Jewish population of Denmark in 1937: 7,500Deaths: 52116, Jewish population of Estonia in 1937: 4,500Deaths: 963, Jewish population of France in 1937: 300,000330,000Deaths: 72,90074,000, Jewish population of Germany in 1939: 237,723 Deaths: 165,200, Jewish population of Greece in 1941: 71,611Deaths: 58,80065,000, Jewish population of Hungary in 1937: 490,621Deaths: 297,621, Hungary (borders of 1941) Jewish population: 825,007 Deaths: 564,507, Jewish population of Italy in 1938: 58,412 Jewish population in German-occupied Italy: approximately 43,000Deaths: 7,858, Jewish population of Latvia in 1939: 93,479Deaths: 70,000, Jewish population of Lithuania in 1937: 153,000Deaths: 130,000, Jewish population of Luxembourg in May 1940: 3,5005,000Deaths: 1,200, Jewish population of the Netherlands in May 1940: 140,245 Deaths: 102,000, Jewish population of Norway in April 1940: approximately 1,800Deaths: at least 758, Jewish population of Poland in 1937: 3,350,000Deaths: 2,770,0003,000,000, Jewish population of Romania in 1930: 756,930 Deaths: 211,214260,000, Hungarian-occupied Northern Transylvania Deaths: 90,295, Bessarabia and BukovinaJewish population in 1930: 314,000 Jewish population in 1941: 185,000 Deaths: 103,919130,000, Jewish population of the Soviet Union in 1939: 3,028,538 Deaths: approximately 1,340,000, Jewish population of Yugoslavia in 1941: 82,242 Deaths: 67,228, Slovenia (German-occupied) Jewish population in 1937: 1,500 Deaths: 1,300, Serbia with Banat and Sandak (German-occupied)Jewish population in 1937: 17,200Deaths 15,060, Macedonia (Bulgarian-occupied) Jewish population in 1941: 7,762Deaths: 6,982, Pirot, Serbia (Bulgarian-occupied)Deaths: 140, Albanian-annexed KosovoJewish population in 1937: 550 Deaths: 210, Croatia with Dalmatia and Bosnia-HerzegovinaJewish population in 1937: 39,400Deaths: 30,148, Montenegro (German-occupied) Jewish population in 1937: 30 Deaths: 28, Backa and Baranja (Hungarian-annexed)Jewish population in 1937: 16,000Deaths: 13,500. Of the Americans over the age of 18 who were polled, only 53% knew that 6 million Jews died in the Shoah. The Nazis kept detailed records of the people who passed through the camps; nevertheless, we do not know how many Jews may still have been unaccounted for in the many places where they were murdered. Aside from how many Jewish victims there were, they were asked when it took place, how Adolf Hitler came to lead Germany and what Auschwitz was. The majority, around 1 million people, were Jews. 6 million is just the Jewish people who were killed. [82][83][84] German clergy, nuns and lay leaders were also targeted after the Nazi takeover, leading to thousands of arrests over the following years. In Arab countries, not only do they not teach about the Holocaust, but they openly deny the Holocaust to ridicule Israel and the Jewish people. Yehuda Bauer, an Israeli Holocaust scholar who chairs the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, said he warned his friend Wiesenthal, who died in 2005, about spreading the false. [94] When Archbishop Johannes de Jong refused to yield to Nazi threats, the Gestapo rounded up Catholic "Jews" and sent 92 to Auschwitz. )", 'Chronicles of Terror' testimony database, List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust, Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holocaust_victims&oldid=1140676381, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2017, Articles lacking reliable references from October 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Ian Kershaw; Hitler a Biography; 2008 Edn; WW Norton & Company; London p661, Stills from Soviet documentary "The Atrocities committed by German Fascists in the USSR" (, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 05:57. [47] In 1995, the Russian Academy of Sciences reported that civilian deaths in the occupied USSR, including Jews, at the hands of the Germans totaled 13.7 million dead (20 percent of the population of 68 million). The institutionalisation of cosmopolitan morality: the holocaust and human rights. Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. It is estimated that 500,000 Jews died in the ghettos of disease and starvation. One copy of that recordwas captured by the U.S. Army in 1945. In addition, as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis began to destroy their records. "Jews Killed During the Holocaust by Country." We also dont know the precise number of Jews in any of these areas. Many were Roma, LGBTQ and other " undesirables". Its second goal was to eliminate Slavs from Central and Eastern Europe and to create a Lebensraum for Aryans As Bartov (The Eastern Front; Hitler's Army) shows, it barbarised the German armies on the eastern front. 2023 GAMESPOT, A FANDOM COMPANY. New York: Penguin. . 1944) is an American historian of the Holocaust. During a Nazi-provoked riot known as Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) on November 9, 1938, at least 267 synagogues were destroyed. Sebald . What they did have in common was that all of them had at least one Jewish grandparent, which was how the Nazis defined who was Jewish. The Mormon Church publicly stopped proxy baptisms for Holocaust victims in the mid-1990s following outrage from the Jewish community. Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy on 27 September 1940, and was part of the Axis. You must credit the Forward, retain our pixel and preserve our canonical link in Google search. [67] According to the U.S. The rescue allowed the vast majority of Denmark's Jewish population to avoid capture by the Nazis. Holocaust Memorial Museum, by the winter of 1941 "starvation and disease resulted in mass death of unimaginable proportions". The Holocaust was the period between 1933 and 1945 when Nazi Germany systematically persecuted and murdered millions of Jews and other innocent people. [98] About the brief period of military control from 1 September to 25 October 1939, Davies wrote: "According to one source, 714 mass executions were carried out, and 6,376 people, mainly Catholics, were shot. In his political testament Hitler wrote: I have never regarded the Chinese or the Japanese as being inferior to ourselves. Hardcover, 1st edition, Macmillan Pub. [35] Poles were one of Hitler's first extermination targets, as he outlined in a 22 August 1939 speech to Wehrmacht commanders before the invasion. Publishers undertake to indicate the authors and origin of the images: www.auschwitz.org, as well as to inform the Museum of the use of the images (press@auschwitz.org). [24][25] The extermination of Jews had been a priority to the Nazis, regardless of the consequences.[26]. The 137-page book by Nazi researcher Heinz Kloss provides details on the Jewish population in large US cities including New York and Montreal. In Bergen-Belsen, 10,000 people died from malnutrition and disease after liberation . WASHINGTON (JTA) "Five million non-Jews died in the Holocaust." It's a statement that shows up regularly in declarations about the Nazi era. This racial minority, though not systematically eliminated like the other groups, faced persecution that ranged from isolation to murder. Thousands of people, primarily diplomats, of nationalities associated with the Allies (China and Mexico, for example) and Spanish Civil War refugees in occupied France were interned or executed. An estimated one-quarter of Soviet civilian deaths at the hands of the Nazis and their allies (five million Russians, three million Ukrainians and 1.5 million Belarusians) were racially motivated. "History of the Holocaust: A Handbook and Dictionary." Survivors were subject to prosecution under Paragraph 175 (which forbade "lewdness between men"), with time served in the concentration camps deducted from their sentences. In occupied Poland, Nazi Germany imposed the death penalty on those found sheltering (or aiding) Jews. [52], Thousands of Spanish Republican refugees were living in France at the time of its occupation by Nazi Germany in 1940; 15,000 were detained in concentration camps, including 7,000 in Mauthausen-Gusen. Another 2% believed fewer than 1 million lost their lives while 11% said more than 12 million died. 's to the United States and Dina's to England. The genocide sent shockwaves across the globe with many memorials and movies dedicated to the horrific events. These were Jews from across Europe who spoke different languages and had different cultures. In the Czech lands, religious orders were suppressed, schools closed, religious instruction forbidden and priests sent to concentration camps. At that particular camp, an estimated 1.1 million people were killed - including 960,000 Jews - most commonly in gas chambers, starvation or disease. An estimated three million people also died of starvation in unoccupied territory. If you would prefer to watch the story, Luc Bernard has provided a full playthrough, which is embedded above. Although Jews are an ethnoreligious group, they were defined by the Nazis on purely racial grounds. He is known as "the poet of the Holocaust.". Historians estimate that around 1,1 million people perished in Auschwitz during the less than 5 years of its existence. Hans-Walter Schmuhl. Almost half of Americans don't know how many Jews perished in the Holocaust, according to data from a survey conducted for the American Jewish Committee. Donald Niewyk suggests that the broadest definition, including Soviet civilian deaths, would produce a death toll of 17 million.[23]. Dawidowicz, Lucy S. "The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945." From August to October 1942, 1.32 million Jews were either slain in Nazi death camps or shot in close by regions, an almost inconceivable 15,000 people per day, a new study suggests. "The "Final Solution": Estimated Number of Jews Killed", "Jewish losses during the Holocaust: By country", "Victims of the Nazi Era: Nazi Racial Ideology", "The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names", Stalinism and Nazism: dictatorships in comparison, "Polish Resistance and Conclusions United States Holocaust Memorial Museum", "Generalplan Ost (General Plan East). [113][bettersourceneeded]. The Holocaust is the best documented case of genocide. The Catholic Church was persecuted under the Third Reich,[76] with the Nazi leadership hoping to gradually de-Christianize Germany.

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