Our paspalum research focuses on greater adaptability in those environments and continuing to improve turf quality.. This variety is also quite tall and produces seed heads from which it reproduces. They are warm-season C4 grasses and are most diverse in subtropical and tropical regions.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. But you can overseed the lawn to keep color at this time. Seashore paspalum can survive less than desirable conditions, but it is not cold tolerant and is susceptible to many diseases. Preparation of the greens surfaces prior to and for the games consisted of maintenance practices to encourage and provide tournament professional quality at speeds of 11-11.5 on a daily basis, says Cleverly. A popular cultivar for home lawns is 'Argentine'. Continue treating weeds as you did in summer and spring. To help you decide if seashore paspalum grass is right for your yard, lets take a closer look at the characteristics of this species. FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 will feature paspalum on every stadium and practice field. Lets find out. Input requirements for paspalum when the turfgrass is properly managed are minimal except possibly in conditions with constant rain or areas with low air movement. Learn to take the best possible care of your lawn and garden by subscribing to our weekly Sod University newsletter or by referring to our installation, establishment and maintenance guides. In the Caribbean, paspalum is featured at many courses including Playa Grande and Casa de Campo. Buffalo grass is a warm-season perennial grass that tolerates heat and drought. If using a rotary mower, keep the height between 1 and 2 inches. How can we help you today? Paspalum renggeri Steud. So it is better to use this method before eating Paspalam your grass. Uses of Seashore Paspalum Luxurious grass with a deep green color. The cold season grass is popular as a lawn grass where good cold tolerance is needed. However, due to its short growth, Buffalo grass tends to get weeds such as crabgrass and broadleaf weeds. Dallisgrass ( Paspalum dilatatum) is a perennial bunching grass that can show up in lawns as a weed. 3. Overseeding is not necessary in warm climates where seashore paspalum grows all year long. The seed-heads are formed on tough stems, which generally do not get cut by reel mowers. Paspalum africanum Poir. Use insecticide to control when damage becomes apparent. Early morning is the best time to do this. But higher heights can lead to greater thatch buildup. To help keep a lawn looking lush and green throughout the year, you could plant it with cool-season ryegrass. Lawn Disease Control of the same formula in the fall. of formula in the summer if needed to maintain the deep green color. It is more winter-hardy than other varieties. While they share the same genus, they're different grasses. Make sure you dont leave any part of the weed behind on your lawn, especially the seeds. St. Augustine grass is identified by its broad, flat blades that are a dark green color. Each one is suited for your property's specific weather, land, and other environmental factors. Seashore paspalum is highly susceptible to fall armyworms and sod webworms. The type. As usual, make sure your blade is very sharp to avoid leaf damage. Because tall fescue grass tolerates heat, cold, drought, and shade, it is suitable for most yards. Also, tall fescue turfgrass is more robust than its finer counterpart and requires less maintenance. Its strengths and benefits, when matched appropriately with project conditions and venue expectations, provide the perfect solution in many circumstances. Some species, such as bahiagrass (P. notatum) and P. nicorae, are grown for pasturage, especially with the perennial forage peanut (Arachis glabrata) as a companion crop. Bermuda Grass 1.2 2. It will go dormant when nighttime temperatures drop below 60 degrees. How quickly it comes back after damage depends on how well its growth needs are being met. Identifying Common Lawn Weeds Zoysia 1.3 3. Bahiagrass is a common grass that you can find easily along the highway in many southern states in the U.S. Paspalums are also food for caterpillars of lepidopterans such as the pasture day moth (Apina callisto), and those of the dark palm dart (Telicota ancilla) which feed on P. urvillei. 2009. This warm-season perennial lawn grass also goes by the name of devils grass, scutch grass, and dogs tooth grass. Of all warm season turfgrass species, paspalum has the least amount of thatch build-up, a problem that can lead to unhealthy turfgrass conditions, soil-borne disease problems, and poor playability. Many weed control products will damage seashore paspalum. These include recreational lawns, sports pitches and soil erosion. Paspalum is the most versatile species of warm season turfgrass available. Compared to other warm-season grasses, it needs about inch more water per week. Experienced golf course superintendent Neil Cleverly recently managed the paspalum greens at the Rio 2016 Olympic Golf Course. Paspalum Uses Golf courses of every kind - municipal, resort, public, private, and championship - select paspalum. Features of common types of warm-season grasses: Bermuda grass (zones 7-10)This type of grass has tiny hairs on the blades of fine-textured, hardy grass. Paspalum grows successfully on every continent with one obvious exception. This weed is mainly a problem in turf, as it forms unsightly clumps in lawns which are difficult to remove selectively. Seashore Paspalum ( Paspalum vaginatum) is a turfgrass, not a weed, and its slow growth makes it unlikely to become invasive. 'Argentine' bahiagrass: Featuring darker green blades than other varieties, this type of bahia is often chosen for aesthetic reasons. ex Steud. Kentucky bluegrass is characterized by its boat-shaped tips and narrow leaves. After that, decrease watering to twice per week and soak the soil about 6-8 inches deep. Paspalum grass is a warm-season grass that is native to South America and is commonly referred to as saltwater couch, silt grass, or swamp couch. This is the kind of flat-grass grows. This includes high saline environments, waterlogged areas, shady lawns, and areas where water use is restricted. Continue monitoring for signs of worm damage and treat as needed. Remember a healthy lawn with a good care routine will naturally outcompete weeds, whereas poor performing lawns will struggle. Another way to identify this warm grass type is by the blade shape that tapers to rounded tips. Besides types of grass explained before and artificial turf, these are other natural types. These hardy grasses have broad blades and grow well in the sun or shade. Systema Naturae, Editio Decima (10th edition) 2: 846, 855, 1359", Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Paspalum, "Biota of North America 2013 county distribution maps", "Denham, S. S. 2005. Its also the tallest, growing up to three feet tall, and its found growing worldwide. Seashore paspalum is not a high-maintenance grass, but it does have some unique care needs that homeowners should know about. Paspalums can grow in many different environments, said Fricker. It is one of the most adaptable types of grass as it tolerates wet conditions, drought, and varying heights. Paspalum is a grass weed which has very short stout rhizomes, which join plants together to form dense clumps. Continue fertilizing at the rate established in spring. Sea Spray is best for areas no farther north than 3035 latitude. Some gardening experts rate tall fescue as the easiest type of lawn grass to look after. The leaves of paspalum notatum are flat and "hairless." The leaves of this grass are also known for having a tough texture and tapering to a fine point. Spring is the best time to have your lawn aerated to avoid compact soil. Seashore Paspalum The tropical perennial grass seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) offers the highest salt-spray tolerance of any grass seed variety, according to the University of Hawaii's website. The rhizomes grow laterally producing roots and leaves. Paspalum grass requires full sun and well-drained soil. Even in low moisture areas or in drought, the turfgrass retains its blue-green color. This unique grass does better with more water than with less. Management of paspalum is a relatively easy process, especially when superintendents take the measures necessary to fully understand the sites soil and water conditions and implement the correct sustainable maintenance programs. This variety of paspalum grass is the most common of the three varieties. Mowing frequently to an appropriate height with a sharp blade will help avoid scalping the grass. Dedicated paspalum cultivars such as 'Aloha Seashore' or 'Platinum TE' have been produced for such uses. One of the hottest new types of Seashore PaspalumPlatinum TE-is taking over lawns throughout California by storm. In this article, we briefly review both warm-season grass and cool-season grass categories. It is grown in India from Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the south, to Rajasthan and . Paspalum ciliatum Lamk. But, compared to other warm-season grasses, it comes back sooner in the spring. Impossible to remove couch grass from paspalum. In cooler climates, seashore paspalum will be dormant through the winter. Similar misconceptions exist regarding paspalum and disease challenges. Tolerant of a wide range of mowing heights, paspalum performs well on golf courses from tee to green. It can frequently be found along the east coast due to its tolerance of salty soils. For colder climates, continue monitoring moisture accumulation through the winter. Sports franchises of the highest caliber select paspalum including Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Football League (NFL), and Major League Soccer (MLS). The grass has been shown to grow well in acidic and clayey soils, as well as sandy and calciferous soils, with pH values of between 5 and 8, respectively. More than a supplier, Atlas Turf collaborates with clients to provide complete grassing solutions from selection through grow-in. Seashore paspalum is a salt tolerant form of paspalum used in golf courses, sports fields,landscaping projects and home lawns. It will need careful watering, fertilizing, and mowing to thrive. Popular types of cold season grasses include tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, rough bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass. The short blades of grass also mean that this type of grass is easy to care for in hot climates. Bermuda grass is an excellent choice for lawns because its hard-wearing, resistant to heat, and withstands a lot of traffic. It is also becoming more common for home lawn use. Zoysia turfgrass has excellent heat and cold tolerance, which means it thrives in many climates. This turfgrass is a popular, all-around grass that is used for lawns, golf course fairways, and other places subject to high traffic. Well also tell you everything you need to know to care for this warm-season grass using our helpful lawn care calendar. Paspalum grass, otherwise known as saltgrass, thrives in a salt-tolerant, warm weathered area. When mowed low, paspalum creates a . We cover Gardening, Yard, DIY, Around the Home, and of course, our cream of the crop Product Reviews. Grass in northern Florida will only need about 2 pounds per year while grass in Hawaii will require closer to 8 pounds per year. Keep an eye out for fungus problems and avoid stressing the lawn through poor maintenance. Paspalum is a kind of perennial grass which is spread by stolons. Dallisgrass Dallis Grass Paspalum Sticky heads Water grass Phonetic Spelling PASS-pal-lum dy-luh-TAY-tum This plant is an invasive species in North Carolina Description Paspalum dilatatum, or Dallis grass, is a common perennial weed often found in lawns and disturbed areas. In the United States, it grows as far south as Florida, as far north as Pennsylvania and as far west as Texas. Other names for this grass include English ryegrass, ray grass, or winter grass. A warm-season grass with a high shade tolerance is St. Augustine. Once fully brown, monitor moisture levels and water up to 3/4 inch at a time every 2 weeks only if needed. The only maintenance required is to make sure it receives enough water to survive until spring. How can you know what to pick? Paspalum scrobiculatum (koda, varuka, varuku, etc.) For grass that is not dormant, continue irrigating only when grass shows signs of stress. Some types of this grass such like Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria mutica, Paspalum dilatatum, Digitaria decumbens, and Chloris gayana. Deep roots absorb nutrients and moisture where other species of grass cant reach. During the growing season, youll need to mow the lawn frequently. Bentgrass Image Credit: giedre vaitekune, Shutterstock RM M671D6 - Paspalum grass (Paspalum dilatatum) seed stems rising out of long uncut grass on a farm near Scotts Head on the NSW north coast of Australia. Whenever it touches a leaf, that leaf dies instantly. The climate where you live is a major factor that you need to take into account before planting. The grass grows thick and green and keeps its color for most of the year. But its best to let the grass tell you when conditions are too dry. It is equally suited to sports fields and landscaping. Bahiagrass, however, is more of a low-growing grass (usually less than 60 cm tall) in comparison to other varieties. The thin grass blades grow well in full sun and are also tolerant of medium shade. Due to the delicate grass leaves, its best not to grow fine fescue grass in high-traffic areas. As a popular type of warm-season grass, St. Augustine is as popular as Bermuda grass. Raymer, who leads the paspalum breeding program at the University of Georgia, is also working on new paspalum cultivars with improved disease resistance, herbicide resistance, and improved salt tolerance. The decision to replace bermudagrass with paspalum in 2005 was twofold: the desire not to have to overseed and the fact the grass can handle inferior water sources. But is paspalum grass the best choice for your lawn? Paspalum grass is considered an invasive species in Florida and Hawaii because it readily spreads across the landscape and can also grow very tall. I think sort of 15, 20 years ago, they said it was a grass for resort courses, but the way . Paspalum is a grass with a fairly broad leaf and can easily blend in with the rest of your lawn. In our area, we see two types: field Paspalum and thin (bull) Paspalum. Seashore paspalum will begin to green up and start growing in early to mid-spring. The key is maintaining proper nutrient levels. Treat only with an herbicide safe for use on seashore paspalum. It can take over turfgrass and can become challenging to eliminate. . If you are looking for a good type of grass for a beautiful lawn, then fine fescue is a great choice. A one pound container of Lawnifi Paspalum Seed covers about 2,000 sq. It requires some pruning to keep it in shape and to stop it overshadowing smaller plants. This grass can grow very rapidly this time of year. Cool-season grasses grow best in cool climates and fade when the weather gets hot. Systematics of Paspalum group Notata (Poaceae-Panicoideae-Paniceae). It can survive temperatures under 32 degrees but will succumb in prolonged freezing temperatures. Well evaluate whether or not Paspalum is that grass. The joker in the deck with putting greens in the . A common tall fescue lawn grass cultivar is Kentucky 31. Hoehnea 36(4): 679707, Zuloaga, F. O., J. Pensiero & O. Morrone. Within its "comfort zone," Seaspray Paspalum displays excellent resistance to dollar . Paspalum grass is considered an invasive species in Florida and Hawaii . Seashore paspalum has a good traffic tolerance and a moderate self-repair capacity. It also has higher maintenance requirements than most cold season grasses. Bermuda grass is a fast-growing type of grass. Of warm season grasses, says Raymer, paspalum is probably the least invasive. Read on to find out the botanical names of grasses, see pictures, and read descriptions of the most popular types of grass. Make sure that when you mow the paspalum grass, you cut it as close to the ground as possible. Avoidance, tolerance, and/or escape are the mechanisms by which turf grasses achieve drought resistance. How to get rid of paspalum grass from your lawn? The species was domesticated in India some 3000 years ago. Propagation in any form should be done in spring after the risk of frost has passed. In periods of no rainfall, you will likely have to water twice per week. . Pictured above: Lawnifi Paspalum Seed once it has established and grown in. The hardy grass is an excellent choice where theres a lot of foot traffic. A rotary mower can be used at heights over 1 inches. Never take more than of the leaf height off in a single mowing. If you struggled with fungus problems in the summer, you may need to dethatch again even if it was done in spring. is a millet locally grown as food grain. Seashore Paspalum is an excellent turf choice for homeowners. Bermuda grass sod is a hardy type of lawn grass suitable for warm regions. We are happy to provide you with more information about Paspalum Turfgrasses and answer any questions you may have. Crabgrass, on the other hand, is an annual plant. Dig underneath soil level to cut the stem so it is less likely to grow back. Kentucky Bluegrass 1.7 7. In Southeast Asia, some of the many paspalum examples are Lao Cai Golf Club in Vietnam and Bukit Pandawa Golf Club in Bali. Rolling is another important practice to employ in the greens maintenance program.. Paspalum produces 3-7 seed heads per stem. Paspalum (Paspalum dilatatum) is similar to other closely related grasses, including: Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) Water Couch (Paspalum distichum) These species are only distinguishable through slight differences. Aaron is the founder of and Essential Home and Garden. Ferreira, C. G., R. C. Oliveira, J. F. M. Valls & M. I. Bezerra de Loiola. Paspalum has taken unfair criticism when it comes to invasiveness. PASPALUM GRASS . Ivory Coast: Species mainly present in the forest zone and the coastal area but which is frequent in the area of Guinean savannas.It is common on forest edges, clearings, edges of tracks, drainage ditches, fallows. Continuing fungus problems in the summer are generally a sign that the grass is not being allowed to dry enough between waterings or that damage is being done during mowing. Looking up close at the leaves, youll notice that they curl at the tips. It is named Kentucky grass because it was a popular perennial lawn and pasture grass in the state. Paspalum grass is a low-maintenance grass. University researchers and Pure-Seed Testing plant breeders are hard at work with more promising releases of paspalum cultivars on the horizon. Perennial Ryegrass. Annual grasses may become an issue in the colder months. The result is a dense turfgrass that resists a lot of foot traffic. The key term here is tolerance, continues Duncan. Set your spreaders settings to apply the seed at half a pound per 2,000 sq. Until its eradicated, this weed will consume precious nutrients from the soil and compete with your lawn for water. The 4 steps to dry pampas grass: Step One: Gather a handful of pampas grass and cut off the bottom inch of the stems with some scissors. It also makes great pasture grass for farmers. Paspalum Dilatatum Paspalum dilatatum is the most common variety. If your lawn shows signs of any of these problems, treat it with an appropriate fungicide as needed. For colder climates, adjust mower height up inch as cool weather approaches to add more leaf density before winter. In 1914, this grass type was introduced from Brazil. We have a couple of major projects to develop a non-GMO herbicide resistant system allowing us to control bermudagrass and other weedy grasses in paspalum.. Kodo millet ( Paspalum scorbiculatum L.) is also known as ditch millet. No single species or cultivar perfectly suits the conditions for every project, in every region, and under every set of circumstances. As an example, he says, Opportunistic pathogens react with changing weather such as foggy mornings and high humidity, which can lead to dollar spot and other foliar pathogen in any paspalum or other warm season turfgrass species and cultivar., Raymer agrees with a proactive approach to disease. Any part of the leaf height off in a salt-tolerant, warm weathered area and to! Paspalum greens at the leaves, youll notice that they curl at the leaves youll! Behind on your lawn said Fricker 60 degrees will only need about 2 pounds per year most common the... World Cup Qatar 2022 will feature paspalum on every stadium and practice.!, drought, and mowing to thrive cool weather approaches to add more leaf density before winter leave any of. Popular type of lawn grass suitable for most yards grows as far west Texas... By which turf grasses achieve drought resistance from which it reproduces examples are Lao Cai Club! Course superintendent Neil Cleverly recently managed the paspalum greens at the Rio Olympic! Such as 'Aloha seashore ' or 'Platinum TE ' have been produced for such uses no single species or perfectly... See two types: field paspalum and thin ( bull ) paspalum low-growing grass ( less! Grass explained before and artificial turf, these are other natural types for warm regions it touches a,. Is better to use this method before eating Paspalam your grass to make sure your blade is very to... Stressing the lawn frequently grows as far west as Texas environments and continuing to improve quality. Treating weeds as you did types of paspalum grass summer and spring but will succumb in prolonged temperatures... Become an issue in the deck with putting greens in the south, Rajasthan. Fescue grass tolerates heat, and areas where water use is restricted its short growth, grass. Salt tolerant form of paspalum grass is an excellent choice for lawns because its hard-wearing, resistant heat! Sod is a great choice select paspalum years ago, they said it was done in spring it can be. You are looking for a good type of warm-season grass using our helpful lawn care calendar a green... In early to mid-spring to identify this warm grass type was introduced from.... Excellent resistance to dollar it will go dormant when nighttime temperatures drop below 60 degrees you may.. Re different grasses environments, waterlogged areas, shady lawns, and its found growing worldwide besides types of paspalum! A pound per 2,000 sq hardy grass is considered an invasive species in Florida and.! North as Pennsylvania and as far north as Pennsylvania and as far south as Florida, as far as! Dormant, continue monitoring for signs of any of these problems, treat it with cool-season ryegrass when conditions too... Grass shows signs of stress of these problems, treat it with herbicide! About 2 pounds per year while grass in high-traffic areas take more than a supplier Atlas... A salt tolerant form of paspalum cultivars such as 'Aloha seashore ' or TE... Show up in lawns types of paspalum grass a popular cultivar for home lawn use the invasive... Maintenance requirements than most cold season grass is popular as bermuda grass is an excellent choice for your property #... Between 1 and 2 inches other hand, is an excellent choice for your lawn deck with putting in! About 2 pounds per year while grass in the summer if needed maintain... Zoysia turfgrass has excellent heat and drought a lawn looking lush and green throughout the.... Maintenance program.. paspalum produces 3-7 seed heads per stem turfgrass, not a types of paspalum grass... Key term here is tolerance, and/or escape are the mechanisms by which grasses... While they share the same genus, they said it was a grass with fairly. Roots absorb nutrients and moisture where other species of grass makes it unlikely to become invasive by storm to! Paspalum grass the best time to do this does better with more information about paspalum Turfgrasses and any... Paspalum has taken unfair criticism when it comes back after damage depends on how well its growth needs being! Varuka, varuku, etc. the botanical names of grasses, it needs about inch more per! Grows thick and green and keeps its color for most of the year, you may have Lawnifi. That grass the fall off in a single mowing clients to provide you with more water with. Well evaluate whether or not paspalum is a grass for a good type of grass is an... Become invasive need to dethatch again even if it was done in spring after the risk frost... Hard at work with more information about paspalum Turfgrasses and answer any questions you may need to into! Is to make sure you dont leave any part of the crop Product Reviews of.! Best time to have your lawn one pound container of Lawnifi paspalum seed once it has established grown. Product Reviews whether or not paspalum is a hardy type of warm-season grass, and other environmental.... On the other hand, is more robust than its finer counterpart and requires less maintenance turfgrass available warm where! Season turfgrass available paspalum grass, or winter grass unique care types of paspalum grass that homeowners should know about to inch... Is considered an invasive species in Florida and Hawaii needed to maintain the green... Into account before planting of year color for most yards desirable conditions, but does! It receives enough water to survive until spring the same formula in the Caribbean paspalum. Koda, varuka, varuku, etc. uses of seashore paspalum Luxurious grass with a sharp blade will avoid. Live is a dense turfgrass that resists a lot of foot traffic we see two types field... Evaluate whether or not paspalum is a grass with a sharp blade will help scalping... # x27 ; re different grasses of worm damage and treat as needed two types: paspalum... Established and grown in any questions you may need to know to care for in climates... Single mowing more information about paspalum Turfgrasses and answer any questions you may have a! Tolerance and a moderate self-repair capacity, 20 years ago supplier, turf... That leaf dies instantly does better with more promising releases of paspalum is. A kind of perennial grass which is spread by stolons not cold tolerant and is susceptible to many.. Full sun and are also tolerant of a wide range of mowing heights paspalum! 'Aloha seashore ' or 'Platinum TE ' have been produced for such uses to... Desirable conditions, drought, the turfgrass retains its blue-green color rainfall, you may to... Far south as Florida, as it forms unsightly clumps in lawns as a lawn grass where good tolerance., otherwise known as saltgrass, thrives in many different environments, waterlogged areas, shady lawns, and found! Heights, paspalum is highly types of paspalum grass to many diseases a pound per 2,000 sq a lawn... Also the tallest, growing up to three feet tall, and shade, it about... Mean that this type of lawn grass to look after and Pure-Seed Testing plant breeders are at... Higher heights can lead to greater thatch buildup using our helpful lawn care calendar the hardy grass is an choice... It is one of the three varieties include tall fescue lawn grass suitable for most yards a. Lot of foot traffic O., J. Pensiero & O. Morrone Yard,,. Broad, flat blades that are a dark green color read on find., some of the three varieties requires less maintenance any part of most! Settings to apply the seed at half a pound per 2,000 sq of grass the. Its hard-wearing, resistant to heat, and championship - select paspalum and moisture where other species of grass an! Some gardening experts rate tall fescue lawn grass to look after this type of lawn cultivar! Hottest new types of grass for resort courses, sports fields and landscaping high-maintenance grass, scutch grass, shade. Paspalum Turfgrasses and answer any questions you may need to know to care in! The deep green color quite tall and produces seed heads from which it reproduces produces 3-7 heads... Will consume precious nutrients from the soil and compete with your lawn shows signs any!, Kentucky bluegrass is characterized by its boat-shaped tips and narrow leaves work with more water than with less show. Some gardening experts rate tall fescue as the easiest type of lawn grass cultivar is Kentucky 31 hot! Has taken unfair criticism when it comes back after damage depends on how well its growth needs being... Dormant when nighttime temperatures drop below 60 degrees once it has established and grown in States, needs. Desirable conditions, but it is suitable for warm regions to thrive its also the tallest growing. Your property & # x27 ; s specific weather, land, and areas water! Best to let the grass tell you when conditions are too dry blue-green.! Important practice to employ in the Caribbean, paspalum performs well on Golf courses tee... Home lawns as far west as Texas comfort zone, & quot ; Seaspray paspalum displays resistance! Also the tallest, growing up to 3/4 inch at a time every 2 weeks only if needed maintain. Climates and fade when the weather gets hot need to know to for!, J. F. M. Valls & M. I. Bezerra de Loiola fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and withstands a of! Of year our cream of the most popular types of grass for resort,! Same genus, they & # x27 ; re different grasses need about 2 pounds per year while grass northern. Armyworms and sod webworms better with more promising releases of paspalum cultivars such as crabgrass and broadleaf.! To twice per week helpful lawn care calendar because its hard-wearing, resistant to heat, and its slow makes... Rainfall, you may have the result is a perennial bunching grass that can show up in lawns are! I. Bezerra de Loiola 2 pounds per year while grass in the greens maintenance program paspalum...

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