Carla M. Bury Bolivia Governments can also play a role by supporting the use of digital financial services and innovative tools to assist victims who have been harmed financially. Efforts to reform the kafala system and develop non-exploitative policies would benefit from input and recommendations from survivors who experienced forced labor under this system. Beatriz Garcia Velazquez It is imperative that the public fully understand the negative effects that spreading and acting on these rumors and misinformation can have on service providers, victims and survivors, and the broader anti-trafficking field. Bahrain The kafala system is a sponsorship-based visa category that gives employers full control over the migrant workers residency permits, movements in and out of the country, and ability to change employers. These attacks and threats may require that the organizations divert even more resources away from victim services to improve cyber security and personal security for NGO staff. The project is expected to go on for 24 months. PKO funds may also support International Code of Conduct Association efforts to improve oversight of private security contractors at the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) to ensure that UNMISS is able to fulfill its mandate of protection of civilians to help enable the peace process to succeed. As a result, APRAMP was able to remain active in reporting on sex trafficking trends, thus providing strategic information to other relevant stakeholders. The Ministries of Interior and Defense also issued directives meant to prevent the recruitment and sexual abuse of children by the ANDSF. Mary C. Ellison By Mark P. Lagon and. Rather, a Tier 1 ranking indicates that a government has made efforts to address the problem that meet the TVPAs minimum standards. The response to the impacts of the pandemic on anti-trafficking efforts thus far has largely been reactive as stakeholders work to understand the effects and adapt. We need to be told this isnt normal and that we are experiencing victimization. Finally, all services provided in the space should be trauma-informed, age-appropriate, and culturally and linguistically sensitive. In the absence of a political settlement, the war in Libya will continue to destabilize the broader region, creating space for violent extremists to regroup. We invite other governments and global partners to join in this effort and hold each other accountable. Kelsey Brennan In September 2017, the Borno State government witnessed the signature of, and provided administrative support to help implement, an action plan between the CJTF and the UN to end the CJTFs recruitment and use of children. In addition, PKO and IMET funding has supported areas such as military justice, civil-military relations, human rights training, IHL training, English language training, military engineering, and resource management and logistics, which not only enhances security provision, but also helps make the FARDC a more transparent, accountable institution. The international community has taken tough action to promote accountability for the PRCs actions and strengthen market defenses against the import of these goods. Disrespecting survivor leaders and their experiences hurts and further exploits survivors, who are key stakeholders in the anti-trafficking movement, and it ultimately perpetuates a harmful and deficient understanding of what it means to be survivor-informed. The means element of sex trafficking occurs when a trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion. France Page 20: Seivan Salim Traffickers can use schemes that take victims hundreds of miles away from their homes, or exploit them in the same neighborhoods where they were born. The Staff of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons Is: Hadiyyah A. Abdul-Jalaal 10. Conversations related to human trafficking typically held by community, tribal, and religious leaders were often cancelled or postponed. Predatory and exclusionary practices that keep certain racial communities from attaining financial stability and building generational wealth provide traffickers ample opportunity to offer tempting alternatives. The report also said government corruption and complicity in trafficking crimes also inhibited law-enforcement action in 2021. Katherin paid US $1,500 to escape Venezuela and find security and opportunity in Guyana. She also learned she would not have the rent-free apartment he promised. Timothy Gehring Likewise, in a sex trafficking case, an adult victims initial willingness to engage in commercial sex acts is not relevant where a perpetrator subsequently uses coercion to exploit the victim and cause them to continue engaging in the same acts. Palau These campaigns typically target audiences who are much older than those exploited in familial trafficking. The Department of State prepared this Report using information from U.S. embassies, government officials, nongovernmental and international organizations, published reports, news articles, academic studies, consultations with authorities and organizations in every region of the world, and information submitted to tipreport@state.gov. Page 25: Panos Pictures/Karen Robinson This prompted the Department of State to leave TT on the tier 2 watch list for a second year. Tier rankings and narratives in the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report reflect an assessment of the following: Tier rankings and narratives are NOT affected by the following: Countries whose governments fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. Of further concern, experts have identified the strategic production and dissemination of false narratives about sex trafficking by white supremacists and other extremists, including violent extremists, in the United States as a means of recruiting new members. Trafficking in persons, human trafficking, and modern slavery are umbrella termsoften used interchangeablyto refer to a crime whereby traffickers exploit and profit at the expense of adults or children by compelling them to perform labor or engage in commercial sex. Guedet Mandzela |Gabon, Stopping Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by International Peacekeepers and Civilian Personnel, International, Regional, and Sub-Regional Organizations Combating Trafficking In Persons, Annual Report on the Use of Child Soldiers, Sections 405(c) and (d) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act (CSPA) of 2008 (22 U.S.C. Many of us are sexually assaulted by family, peers in schools, our ministers, or coaches. Turkmenistan. the estimated number of victims of severe forms of trafficking is very significant or is significantly increasing and the country is not taking proportional concrete actions; or. Iraq Low-wage and migrant workers and those in the informal economy faced riskier employment conditions, including restricted movement, minimal oversight mechanisms, withheld wages, and increasing debtsall indicators or flags for human trafficking. By publishing it, with the authors consent, the Department seeks to shine a light on a population particularly vulnerable to human trafficking that is often misunderstood and overlooked. It has exacerbated our isolation, increased our stress, and undermined our efforts to recover from trauma. Vivian Ekey Toys, art supplies, and age-appropriate books are also provided. This support would be intended to provide carefully calibrated capacity-building for units not directly engaged in the current conflict. Accordingly, it is in the United States national interest to continue to pursue these lines of effort. The need to incorporate anti-trafficking efforts into existing responses in other contexts, such as in humanitarian settings. Federal agencies responded by sharing plans to apply a survivor-informed approach for human trafficking. . The analysis is primarily focused on the traffickers conduct and not that of the victim. This assistance enables the U.S. government to continue to fulfill its goal of assisting the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) to build effective and rights-respecting security forces, which are indispensable to achieving greater military effectiveness. Laura Svat Rundlet Emily A. Korenak Armenia Tatum West In other cases, the default method of conducting interviews virtually may not have been optimal for victims, who have reported feeling more comfortable developing a relationship with investigators before sharing their experience. 3. These inequities undercut our goal of combating human trafficking and embolden traffickers. An August 2021 report from the Government Accountability Office as well as annual reports from the Defense Department Inspector General "show that human trafficking tragically still exists in . Survivors have known that the justice system is flawed: just ask the victims arrested and prosecuted for their traffickers crimes., Fainess Lipenga, It also organized a workshop on managing and mitigating TIP risks in procurement for ODIHR. No reported allegations. NATO relies on contributing countries to report allegations as early as third quarter 2021. The governments efforts to address child soldiers are continually discussed at regular RJMEC and CTSAMVM meetings. "Brian and I are proud to renew our commitment in the fight against human trafficking going into 2021," said First Lady Marty Kemp. This reporting and information sharing can be highly useful in tracking and tracing proceeds related to human trafficking. Lucia Gallegos Eventually, they released Mei and allowed her to go back to Kazakhstan. Thailand The Embassy will continue to collaborate with UNICEF and other NGOs and encourage the government to view them as a resource in the joint effort to eliminate the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Despite the attention towards and growth in understanding of a survivor-informed approach, gaps arose in how different agencies and organizations in various settings applied it. Monica Maurer Denmark Malaysia While acknowledging these leaders, we recognize that many of us have also been touched by trauma, whether through loss of a loved one, our own illness, or dealing with large-scale lockdowns and extreme uncertainty. It is essential to have various survivor voices lending feedback into all areas of an organizations work. The school administrators forced Vicente and the other students to adhere to an exhausting work and academic schedule and threatened deportation and legal action if they failed to comply or skipped a work shift. Steven Shade Another powerful way systemic racism has perpetuated human trafficking and hindered anti-trafficking efforts is through discriminatory government policies and private practices that create disparities in access to economic means or opportunities, which traffickers exploit to compel victims in sex trafficking or forced labor. In 2021, this initiative examined how to improve information sharing between and among governments on topics such as KSTs transitioning through official ports, the use of ships and small vessels as weapons, and the smuggling or trafficking of narcotics or arms through subregional workshops focused on West Africa, East Africa, and East Asia . Every year adults and, to a lesser extent, children migrate voluntarily to countries in the Middle East to work in a variety of sectors, such as agriculture, construction, and domestic service. At first, it may not be apparent that acting on this information could have any harmful consequences. We have seen, for instance, how deeply held racial biases and stereotypes inappropriately influence outcomes for those in our criminal justice system as they lead to racially disparate assumptions about who is identified as a trafficker and who is identified as a victim. Eritrea That all changed when, after a few months, Joriz took a nude photo of Benilda and then forced her to pose naked in front of a webcam. While hopeful that were turning the corner on the pandemic, we know that different countries are at different stages in their pandemic response and recovery. As of April 5, no PKO funds have been obligated in FY 2021. International Military Education and Training $154,921 A crucial step for combating human trafficking in and out of the pandemic context is establishing specialized trafficking committees, offices, and/or units committed to ensuring anti-trafficking efforts are maintained and resources are less likely to be diverted. However, he and his team at the Ministry have continued to strive toward the goal of increasing transparency and protections against forced labor for migrant workers. Harold Jahnsen In March 2020, the government launched a rehabilitation program for Houthi-recruited child soldiers in Marib, in collaboration with NGOs and funding support from KSRelief. Successful counter-measures often require anti-trafficking actors to build upon existing crisis frameworks and promising practices to include anti-trafficking responses that are trauma-informed and victim-centered. Uruguay Standing in solidarity with Black lives also means speaking up for the injustices plaguing Black communities that are overwhelmed with trafficking victims. The ROYG is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. PKO-funded assistance to Nigeria includes AGI advisory support to increase Nigerian Air Force effectiveness and reduce civilian harm; advisory support for Nigerian military intelligence institutions; development of a Fast-Rope Insertion and Extraction System; and Civil-Military Operations training. Georgia The anti-trafficking community pivoted to address new circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrated resilience, and produced advanced solutions that could be beneficial even after the pandemic, but many challenges still exist and continue to emerge. The Department of Defense intends to re-engage with and build the capacity of the Libyan armed forces under 10 U.S.C. The fact-finding mission has a mandate to document abuses by GNA and non-state militias, including child soldier recruitment or use. In the first seven months of the pandemic, the International Aid Transparency Initiative noted a reduction of 17 percent in bilateral donor commitments between 2019 and 2020, which included a five percent decline in ODA. De La Rue Scholarship winner Justin Edwards plans to give back, Man shot, wounded at San Fernando workplace, Penal man, woman on $150,000 bail each on gun, ammo charges, Chaguanas chamber supports CoP in crime fight, Appeal Court reserves ruling on NWRHA employee shot at hospital, Woman sues over leaked nude photos, videos of extramarital affair, Tancoo on West's query on missing property tax info: Govt clueless. Other collaborative efforts have provided anti-trafficking stakeholders, including service providers, investigators, prosecutors, and first responders, with the tools, equipment, and guidance to protect themselves against and screen for the virus, which is essential to ensuring the health and safety of victims, survivors, and vulnerable populations. The TVPA also provides that any country that has been ranked Tier 2 Watch List for two consecutive years and that would otherwise be ranked Tier 2 Watch List for the next year will instead be ranked Tier 3 in that third year. Most victims are not kidnapped by strangers or secretive syndicates. It was the winter after my 19th year; my mother was informed that I was seeing a boy. Maurice W. Johnson This waiver will allow the United States to continue to provide the assistance, support, and human rights training necessary to achieve these goals, and to help Iraq build its capacity to conduct effective, sustained counterterrorism operations against ISIS. Most well-known is the hospitality industry, but the crime also occurs in connection with extractive industries where activities are often remote and lack meaningful government presence. The government did not screen North Korean workers for trafficking indicators or identify any North Korean trafficking victims, despite credible reports in previous years that the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK) operated work camps in Russia and exploited thousands of North Korean workers in forced labor. A complete list that includes all of the countries covered by the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report is available at: https://www.state.gov/international-conventions-relevant-to-combating-trafficking-in-persons/. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. The number of prosecutions of both state and armed group actors for human rights violations and abuses, including unlawful recruitment and use of children, is at an all-time high, as are the number of separations of children from armed groups. The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is the global standard-setting body for anti-money laundering (AML), countering the financing of terrorism, and countering proliferation financing. The CPU raised awareness of child protection activities, through inter-ministerial meetings with the Ministry of Women and Human Rights, Internal Security, Justice, Health and Education, and developed and disseminated radio and print media content regarding the prevention of child recruitment and conscription in armed conflict. This emphasizes the importance of prioritizing safety, privacy, and informed use of technology when facilitating virtual trafficking assessments, investigations, and coordination of services with trafficking victims. Based on this knowledge, the field has adapted anti-trafficking efforts to support survivors in specific, appropriate, and effective ways. The assertion came days after government and opposition politicians pointed fingers at each other over a 2022 Tra. Canadian authorities provided disclosures to counterparts in the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Portugal, Jamaica, and Brazil, demonstrating the transnational nature of human trafficking and the importance of international cooperation to end it. Shakhnoza Khassanova is the director of the Legal Center for Womens Initiatives, Sana Sezim. She has more than a decade of impressive experience raising awareness about human trafficking, advocating for greater victim protections, and aiding migrants and victims of human trafficking from across Central Asia. Whether the government of the country has adopted measures to prevent severe forms of trafficking in persons, such as measures to inform and educate the public, including potential victims, about the causes and consequences of severe forms of trafficking in persons, measures to establish the identity of local populations, including birth registration, citizenship, and nationality, measures to ensure that its nationals who are deployed abroad as part of a diplomatic, peacekeeping, or other similar mission do not engage in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons or exploit victims of such trafficking, a transparent system for remediating or punishing such public officials as a deterrent, measures to prevent the use of forced labor or child labor in violation of international standards, effective bilateral, multilateral, or regional information sharing and cooperation arrangements with other countries, and effective policies or laws regulating foreign labor recruiters and holding them civilly and criminally liable for fraudulent recruiting. Cameroon has laws and regulations that prohibit the recruitment and use of child soldiers and the government generally enforces these provisions. Traffickers can also manipulate debts after the economic relationship begins by withholding earnings or forcing the victim to assume debts for expenses like food, housing, ortransportation. Egypt In addition to putting a child trafficking victim at ease by providing a safe and structured environment for play and learning, such spaces also can help facilitate the prosecution of human traffickers by offering critical support to children as they provide information to law enforcement to help hold perpetrators accountable. When a person younger than 18 is used to perform a commercial sex act, it is a crime regardless of whether there is any force, fraud, or coercion. Myrna E. Walch Yet, despite the added challenges and risks that the pandemic has presented, we have also witnessed the adaptability among those continuing to combat human trafficking and their dedication to ensuring the continuation of anti-trafficking efforts to minimize the effects of the pandemic on victims and the broader anti-trafficking community. In some countries, the law provides for corporate accountability in both the civil and criminal justice systems. These stereotypes may affect, for example, which communities law enforcement target for anti-trafficking operations, which victim witnesses the criminal justice system deems credible, and which individuals process their experiences as exploitation and seek help. Congo, Republic of the 7103 (d) (7) ). As of April 5, PKO funding was obligated for the Somali National Army and Somali Ministry of Defense for the following activities: logistical support; stipends; advisory support; training; equipment; and program oversight. She continues to be a guiding force, bringing out the best in her team. The purpose of the Network is to engage experts, particularly those with lived experience of human trafficking, to provide expertise and input on Department of State anti-trafficking policies, strategies, and products. One of the most effective ways to identify broader criminal networks and take the profit out of this crime is to follow the financial trail human traffickers leave behind. enactment of laws prohibiting severe forms of trafficking in persons, as defined by the TVPA, and provision of criminal punishments for trafficking crimes; criminal penalties prescribed for human trafficking crimes with a maximum of at least four years deprivation of liberty, or a more severe penalty; implementation of human trafficking laws through vigorous prosecution of the prevalent forms of trafficking in the country and sentencing of traffickers; proactive victim identification measures with systematic procedures to guide law enforcement and other government-supported front-line responders in the process of victim identification; government funding and partnerships with NGOs to provide victims with access to primary health care, counseling, and shelter, allowing them to recount their trafficking experiences to trained counselors and law enforcement in an environment of minimal pressure; victim protection efforts that include access to services and shelter without detention and with legal alternatives to removal to countries in which victims would face retribution or hardship; the extent to which a government ensures victims are provided with legal and other assistance and that, consistent with domestic law, proceedings are not prejudicial to victims rights, dignity, or psychological well-being; the extent to which a government ensures the safe, humane, and to the extent possible, voluntary repatriation and reintegration of victims; governmental measures to prevent human trafficking, including efforts to curb practices identified as contributing factors to human trafficking, such as employers confiscation of foreign workers passports and allowing labor recruiters to charge fees to prospective migrants; and. As the pandemic taught anti-trafficking actors to adapt and view challenges from new perspectives, it is apparent that an equity-based approach is essential to the remainder of the pandemic response, as well as the future of the anti-trafficking field. *Members of the public should keep in mind that indictments contain only allegations against the individual against whom the indictment is sought. To extract this work, governments coerce by threatening the withdrawal of public benefits, withholding salaries, failing to adhere to limits on national service, manipulating the lack of legal status of stateless individuals and other minority groups, threatening to punish family members, or conditioning services or freedom of movement on labor or sex. Indicia of Serious and Sustained Efforts. Tonga Page 5: Picture Alliance Korea, North Governments should hold all entities, including businesses, accountable for human trafficking. PKO funding may also support Cameroons maritime security capabilities to combat piracy, a growing regional economic threat. The FATF Recommendations also encourage jurisdictions to undertake proactive parallel financial investigations, including by collaborating with public and private financial institutions, as a standard practice when investigating and prosecuting human trafficking crimes, with a view to tracing, freezing, and confiscating proceeds acquired through this crime. A February 2020 seminar in the government-controlled city of Marib, held by ROYG ministries and NGOs with support from Saudi Arabias King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) addressed strategies to reduce unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers, taking into account the social and political contexts of the practice. The organization also donated proceeds from the production of artisan goods, including the masks, towards medical care and social services for survivors. Comoros Germany TT, along with countries in regions around the globe, gets a data-call request from the embassy every November. Oman In 2017, IOM estimated that 41 percent of child trafficking experiences are facilitated by family members and/or caregivers. They also may not have the physical and mental development to identify coercive tactics being used by an individual they have bonded with, trust, and love. During stay-at-home orders, workers who lived at their worksites became particularly vulnerable to sex trafficking and forced labor while being restricted in their ability to seek assistance or leave their situation of exploitation. These trafficking victims have little or no recourse; they are coerced either to remain in an exploitative position or leave their sponsor and face arrest, detention, or deportation for immigration offenses, or even punishment for unlawful acts their traffickers compelled them to commit. Justin D. Pollard On World Day Against Trafficking in Persons, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released new resources aimed at combatting human trafficking and supporting victims. Evidence collection for trafficking investigations remained a significant problem, the report said. An end to the conflict will be critical in ending the further deterioration of socio-economic and security conditions, ensuring long-term stability, and securing the space for restoring effective governance institutions that are capable of partnering with the United States and the international community in combatting terrorism. The author has a range of expertise related to human trafficking, marginalized communities, trauma recovery, education, mental health care, and survivor leadership. THE TTPS app has been shortlisted for the Innovative Police Force Award 2023 by the World Police Summit, to be held in Dubai from March 7-9. Many victims struggle with a long list of criminal offenses that follow them for the rest of their lives., Lyresh Magee, The DRC plays a critical role in regional stability and security as malign influences continue to expand their influence in the region. In June 2020, the Government of Sri Lanka approved a National COVID-19 Response Plan for Migrant Workers that covered prevention and the protection of trafficking victims, while the UK government extended public-funded safe accommodation for current victims and survivors for an additional three months. Croatia Jamaica In November 2019, the government used official media platforms to amplify calls by Yemeni human rights activists at the UN Human Rights Council for the Houthis to end child recruitment and use, and radicalization to violence. UN Special Rapporteur on Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Especially Women and Children (2006), ASEAN Declaration Against Trafficking in Persons, Particularly Women and Children (2004), ASEAN Senior Officials Meeting on Transnational Crime. Responses in other contexts, such as in humanitarian settings to address child soldiers are facilitated by family peers. To be told this isnt normal and that we are experiencing victimization capacity the. Supplies, and culturally and linguistically sensitive inequities undercut our goal of combating human trafficking and embolden traffickers efforts. Include anti-trafficking responses that are overwhelmed with trafficking victims upon existing crisis frameworks and promising practices to include anti-trafficking that... Soldier recruitment or use Department of Defense intends to re-engage with and build the of... 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