From University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR; formerly known as National Council for Atmospheric Research, or NCAR) . As the facilitator, it is important to ensure that all voices are heard and that ground rules are conducive to an open and honest dialogue. Assume that personal identities, experiences and shared perspectives are confidential unless you are given permission to use them. "Notice your own defensive reactions and attempt to use these reactions as entry points for gaining deeper self-knowledge.". A community health educator facilitates a smoking cessation support group. If you would like assistance, please email the Inclusion & Equity Committee at diversity@aauw.org. Seek first to understand, then to be understood. Then, ask if the participants have any to add. Welcome Packet and Week 1 Discussion Guide Week 2 - Belonging; Week 3 - The Roots of Polarization; Week 4 - Humanity in Disagreement; Week 5 - Connection Across Divides; Ground Rules. Several of the examples given at the beginning of the section the group of parents concerned about their school system, for instance, or the college class fall into this category, as do public hearings and similar gatherings. Openly and honestly communicate with everyone. Nothing said in the group should be discussed outside the group without the permission of those involved. Ask for clarification if unclear about a participants intent or question. If you have the luxury of choosing your space, you might look for someplace thats comfortable and informal. Ground rules help the facilitator establish what behaviors are expected of the focus group participants. Stay mentally and physically present. The goal is not to agree it is to gain a deeper understanding. A local coalition forms a task force to address the rising HIV rate among teens in the community. In most group settings, misunderstandings are inevitable, sometimes resulting in confusion, frustration, or defensiveness. Air concerns and differences among individuals or groups. Ground Rules for Support Groups. Donate now. It may not have a specific goal many group discussions are just that: a group kicking around ideas on a particular topic. The Tool Box needs your help This rule is particularly helpful in brainstorming, where the judging of ideas can be detrimental to the process. Finish 10 minutes early Get into the habit of scheduling meetings to finish at :20 or :50, and make sure you finish on time. Each person gets a chance to talk. Allow only the dominant or more verbal participants to take over the conversation. There are many possible purposes for a group discussion, such as: Possible leadership styles of a group discussion also vary. What's said at group stays at group. If you think you can wing it with aggression, you are mistaken. Action plan for enhancing team capabilities team charter with strengths and ground rules. ISU's principles address Respect, Purpose, Cooperation, Richness of Diversity, Freedom from Discrimination, and Honest and respectful expression of ideas. Then well examine what it takes to make an effective discussion leader or facilitator, regardless of external circumstances. As explained in the opening paragraphs of this section, group discussions are common in a democratic society. Deferring - Often, the best strategy is to invite participants to come up after the session and arrange for a time to talk about the disagreement further, and then move the discussion on to another topic. Members of an environmental group attend a workshop on the effects of global warming. This comprehensive resource includes new features such as: a chapter on intersectionality and classism, discussion of contemporary activisms (Black Lives Matter, Occupy, and Idle No More), material on White Settler societies and colonialism, pedagogical supports related to "common social patterns" and "vocabulary to practice using," and extensive updates throughout. Ground Rules. One way of doing so without removing group control over the process, is encouraging participants to set some basic ground rules norms or standards for conduct, behavior and conversation that . Develop an awareness for barriers for learning (cultural; social; experiential, etc). You should read through and explain each one and solicit comments and questions. Here are four important guidelines to communicate to your group. Regents of the University of Minnesota. Sexual health education works best in classrooms where there's a mutual feeling of trust, safety and comfort. Writing participants comments on the whiteboard. Respect silence: Dont force yourself to fill silence. Having nine or fewer ground rules helps the group more easily remember and support them. Comforting Discomfort as Complicity: White Fragility and the Pursuit of Invulnerability, by Barbara Applebaum (2017), Ground Rules and Tools : FacilitatingProductive Discussions, Center for Research on Learning and Teaching, Ground Rules & Tools: Facilitating Productive Discussions. A group discussion is a type of meeting, but it differs from the formal meetings in a number of ways: An effective group discussion generally has a number of elements: Many group discussions have no specific purpose except the exchange of ideas and opinions. If you dont usually talk as much in groups and do a lot of your thinking and processing in your own head, know that we would love to hear your contributions and challenge yourself to add your voice to the conversation. Come prepared. 1. "Let go of personal anecdotal evidence and look at broader societal patterns. A shared learning environment is only effective if everyone involved shares. If the group doesn't address these elements on their own, this list could be used as a discussion prompt during the development process. s UY8+/W~=jn]y+-S>z=)^w}7UO0E70N!T Vd5[Ic|0R>>SZ *}:?4I5u4O3rWoP^9Ax9ktC'g)FybD^C[40#B1{RXOQ7zKt;c[4y%]:RUYQSBC2F@)]R.6)5fh_LmKLQ #(A-)(Lhpi Y8z012-:'5J-X'%F'B^5V"vAj 1. Guide for Setting Ground Rules. Everyone is asked to consider different perspectives, for the purpose of sensitivity, learning, and growth. Group discussion rules showing structure and friendly conversation. Steinert, Y. Do your best to be open and honest during discussions. https://instr.iastate.libguides.com/FromEquityTalkToEquityWalk, From Equity Talk to Equity Walk: Book Discussion Series, Session 1 Questions: Foreword thru Chapter 2, Calling In: A Less Disposable Way of Holding Each Other Accountable, by Ngc Loan Trn (2013), Calling In: Strategies for Cultivating Humility and Critical Thinking in Antiracism Education, by Robin DiAngelo & zlem Sensoy (2014), Calling In: A Quick Guide on When and How, by Sian Ferguson (2015), You're Gonna Screw Up, by April Hathcock (2016). 2 "Disagree without being disagreeable" Ground rules are standards set by a team to help them function in the future. That doesnt mean you have to agree with them, but that you have to make sure that they can be expressed, and that discussion of them is respectful, even in disagreement. If the question is less clear-cut, you might want to throw it back to the group, and use it as a spur to discussion. The difference between ground rules and group agreements may, for some, be semantics if the process of developing guidelines are the same. Parking Lot is a place, where participants can park off-topic ideas, questions, or comments for a later time. Community activists. Ground rules are still important for holding yourself accountable for a positive and productive conversation. Most often because they are afraid of the consequences or think the context isn't the right one to address the issue. When conflict arises, what matters when is how we deal with it. Empower your team by reminding them that they have permission to: ask . Tips on university teaching, but much of the information is useful in other circumstances as well. Speak from your own experience instead of generalizing ("I" instead of "they," "we," and "you"). 1. Listen attentively to others without interruption and be slow to judge. What do I bring to the group? University of Minnesota Extension discovers science-based solutions, delivers practical education, and engages Minnesotans to build a better future. Feito, J. Provide the rules in writing. This is particularly true when it comes to group discussion, where the process is, in fact, the purpose of the groups coming together. Give all participants a voice- at the start highlight the value of a diversity of perspectives as an essential part of the process. "Recognize the difference between opinions and informed knowledge. Coleman, P., Deutsch, M. and Eric C. Ask students to think about the best group discussions they have been a part of, and reflect on what made these discussions so satisfying. Lean into discomfort: Learning happens on the edge of our comfort zones. Dress appropriately so you can be taken seriously. Find out the kind of topics that are given at the institution or company you are applying for. Use certain conventions or language that will exclude certain groups from understanding the context of the discussion, or make them feel uncomfortable. There are two ways to look at this question: Whats the point of group discussion? and Why would you, as opposed to someone else, lead a group discussion? Lets examine both. A variety of points of view are put forward and discussed, The discussion is not dominated by any one person, Arguments, while they may be spirited, are based on the content of ideas and opinions, not on personalities, Even in disagreement, theres an understanding that the group is working together to resolve a dispute, solve a problem, create a plan, make a decision, find principles all can agree on, or come to a conclusion from which it can move on to further discussion. Participants should read and review our Ground Rules prior to the sessions. Facilitating Political Discussions from the Institute for Democracy and Higher Education at Tufts Universityis designed to assist experienced facilitators in training others to facilitate politically charged conversations. (4th edition). Show up on time. Be present. 2. They are sometimes called working agreements, guidelines, or expectations. Normally, we do this in reverse. In other words, you need to agree on certain ground rules and promise to honor and respect everyones thoughts, ideas and opinions for the duration of each session. A group of two or three generally doesnt need a leader to have a good discussion, but once the number reaches five or six, a leader or facilitator can often be helpful. If youve been the recorder, you might want to put the notes from the session in order, type them up, and send them to participants. This list is not a complete list! The notes might also include a summary of conclusions that were reached, as well as any assignments or follow-up activities that were agreed on. Group discussions are common in our society, and have a variety of purposes, from planning an intervention or initiative to mutual support to problem-solving to addressing an issue of local concern. Participants should read and review our Ground Rules prior to the sessions. The more people zone out of a meeting, the quality of the meeting and its output will diminish rapidly. Ground rules may cover the behavior of the disputants, the role or behavior of any third party (e.g., facilitator or mediator ), the methods or process to be used, and/or the substance of the discussions. When the group numbers eight or more, a leader or facilitator, whether formal or informal, is almost always helpful in ensuring an effective discussion. (The exceptions are opinions or ideas that are discriminatory or downright false.) Best practices for introducing ground rules to a group is to: Review the rules verbally. A group of two or three generally doesn't need a leader to have a good discussion, but once the number reaches five or six, a leader or facilitator can often be helpful. Challenging the Common Guidelines in Social Justice Education, by Sensoy & DiAngelo (2014). Joining Together: Group theory and group skills. Here are some ways to resolve them: If the solution depends on certain facts, the facilitator can ask participants to refer to the text or another authority. Take a break at least every hour. This ground rule strengthens the importance of being inclusive and making space for other often quiet and hesitant participants. We willmodify these as a group to meet DEI needs. RESPECT another person's right to have opinions and thoughts . Keep discussions focused. Group Rules Poster. Finally, ask the group if they can agree to the list of community agreements for the session, and post the sheet somewhere that will be visible to the full group throughout the session. 1. . Sometimes, the difficult conversation is one you want to start, not just facilitate. They include setting, or helping the group to set the discussion topic; fostering the open process; involving all participants; asking questions or offering ideas to advance the discussion; summarizing or clarifying important points, arguments, and ideas; and wrapping up the session. By following the suggestions above, you communicate to your students the value you place on the discussion forum. If the group meets multiple times, repost rules at each meeting to orient new participants and remind others. If you paraphrase what someone else said, verify with them afterwards that you Encouraging others to add their reactions or ideas to build on someones comment. The first ground rule is to review each other's style of communication. Initiate: The first and foremost step to come to light among the group is to be knowledgeable enough to initiate the discussion. A way to approach the dominant participant and pull in non-participants is to redirect the discussion to another person or another topic. Step up, step back: If you usually speak up often or you find yourself talking more than others, challenge yourself to lean in to listening and opening up space for others. Even where thats not the case, facing the conflict reasonably, and looking at the roots of the ideas on each side, can help to focus on the issue at hand and provide solutions far better than if one side or the other simply operated alone. After the group has completed a task, debriefing is an important step to take in order to gain insight into understanding the process and results. If the recorder is a group member, the group and/or leader should come up with a strategy that allows her to participate fully in the discussion. Your performance is as good as your preparation. Who will take notes, record important points, questions for further discussion, areas of agreement or disagreement? It helps greatly if the leader comes to the task with a democratic or, especially, a collaborative style, and with an understanding of how a group functions. Regardless of the forum, conversations about diversity and inclusion can be difficult. Allow others to share. Asking the contributor for further clarification and/or elaboration. Team Work PowerPoint. You have some choices about how you do that, however. Each session will be a facilitated discussion of selected chapters, led by a member of the Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Committee. Techniques for Leading Group Discussions, Chapter 16. Are you a directive or non-directive leader? These Ground Rules are not static and continue to be refined over timeparticularly as we seek to decenterexpectations of "comfort" andsilence asstrategies for non-engagement. This is a discussion, not a debate. Discomfort and silence are ok, but balance with a clearly stated context and purpose. So lets make sure we are listening 100 percent. The following ground principles must be followed and put into practice by all staff members working on-site and off-site as a team unless explicit exceptions apply. Research & It may also mean a space away from the ordinary. All of these might be examples of group discussions, although they have different purposes, take place in different locations, and probably run in different ways. 3. There are a number of reasons for this, some practical and some philosophical. Push yourself to be open to new ideas and experiences even if they initially seem uncomfortable to you. Ground rules for public participation. Usually, a group discussion will be based around a central topic. Develop your meeting and workshops skills, Upskill your talent with facilitation skills. Be candid but respectful. When conflict is avoided or approached on a win/lose basis, it becomes unhealthy and can cause low morale and increased tension within your members. Ground rules clarify expectations of behavior during the meeting. Join on time (or early). Discussion Group Role Cards. Here are the 12 ground rules that we use when facilitating strategic planning sessions and beyond: 1. Develop the discussion questions-Make sure they are clear, unambiguous and bias-free. Go over constructive and destructive group behaviors at the start of the course / workshop. If the group starts to veer in the direction of negativity and/or pointless venting, ask them how they would like to address this. Instead of invalidating somebody elses story with your own spin on her or his experience, share your own story and experience. If thats the case, it should be agreed upon at the outset. . This isn't Diversity 101. Ground rules clarify expectations for behavior in the meeting. Silence can be an indication of thought and process. Confidentiality. Effective facilitation of a discussion involves the recognition and employment of different perspectives and different skills to create an inclusive environment. For example, Fenway Park in Boston has a ground rule that if a fly ball strikes the top of the ladder on the Green Monster and then bounces out of play this is considered a two base hit. To that end, there are some ground rules for participating in the group that we ask that everyone follow. Request that if participants challenge others ideas, they back it up with evidence, appropriate experiences, and/or appropriate logic. Sometimes called 'ground rules,' community agreements, or participation norms (and there are several fuller examples below), such guidelines can be provided by an instructor or generated collaboratively with students. Another strategy is to have participants write out their answers to a question. Some you might suggest, if the group has trouble coming up with the first one or two: Ground rules may also be a place to discuss recording the session. Provide opportunities for participants to pair-share. This ground rule highlights that the meeting is more productive and fun, if everyone participants and contributes equally. Everyday-Democracy. Foster a culture in which differences of opinion are encouraged, placing emphasis on the common goals among your members (or team, employees, and colleagues). Each sessionwill be a facilitated discussion of selected chapters, led by a member of the Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Committee. The group's agreement allows the leader or a group member to directly address an issue when a ground rule is not followed. Start on a positive note. Conducting the Focus Group Session, Continued Ground Rules (1-2 minutes) This session will take approximately [2 hours]. to remain available. Locating - Facilitators can ask the questioner to explain the context behind the question. We teach the youngest children to take turns, but even adults need to be reminded. Ground rules help a group start and maintain aproductive discussion. Marcus., The Handbook of Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice (3. A good group discussion leader has to pay attention to the process and content of the discussion as well as to the people who make up the group. Rule 1: Prepare. Based on the authors' extensive experience in a range of settings in the United States and Canada, the book addresses the most common stumbling blocks to understanding social justice. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Thinking Hats Questions Prompt Frame. Discussion Ground Rules. They are meant to be suggestions for your consideration that can be modified within reason, if the . Information and publications related to study circles, participatory discussion groups meant to address community issues. Ground Rules for Respectful Discussion 1. That reaction not only leaves the conflict unresolved and therefore growing, so that it will be much stronger when it surfaces later but fails to examine the issues that it raises. Sometimes individuals or factions that are trying to dominate can disrupt the process of the group. Capturing What People Say: Tips for Recording a Meeting, Suggestions for Leading Small-Group Discussions, Center for Community Health and Development. This may encourage participation by reducing participants fear of answering incorrectly. Next, ask students to think about the worst group . Be conscious of body language and nonverbal responses: They can be as disrespectful as words. Encourage people to consider their comments seriously, and to avoid becoming defensive if someone disagrees. There may actually be no need for one, in that the goal may simply be to discuss an issue or idea. If the session was one-time, or was the last of a series, your job may now be done. While many public organizations use parliamentary procedure as a form of ground rules, such formal rules may not be sufficient or appropriate for guiding public discussion. Services. Respect: We do not advise, analyze or "fix" others. A group of parents meets to wrestle with their feeling that their school district is shortchanging its students. Second, each person has to share his style with the group. Agree not to blame ourselves or others for the misinformation we have learned, but to accept . Its less formal, and may have no time constraints, or structured order, or agenda. In good discussions, conflicts will sometimes arise. It is important to ensure that the response is rational and balanced and deals with the conflict in an efficient way so we can restore our focus on the task at hand. It will be helpful to read and review these Ground Rules prior to each sessionto help get people in the right frame of mind for these discussions." Come to class with assignments completed, prepared for discussion. Forsyth, D .Group Dynamics. It is important to prevent misunderstandings by making it clear that all things shared in small group are not to be shared with others. These Ground Rules are not static and continue to be refined over timeparticularly as we seek to decenterexpectations of "comfort" andsilence asstrategies for non-engagement. Listen actively respect others when they are talking. Other ways to handle these situations include: Confrontation - Facilitators can confront the questioner with their reactions to his or her behavior. In this section of the toolkit, we provide guidance on identifying leaders in your branch who can take on the role of diversity officer and shepherd the process of creating a diversity and inclusion plan. ", 4. Here are several solid ground rules for virtual meetings: 1. Study Circles Resource Center. Start each activity or discussion by setting community agreements using the steps below. Avoid interrupting or having side conversations. In some cases, the opportunity to lead a group discussion can arise on the spur of the moment; in others, its a more formal arrangement, planned and expected. Suggestions for Leading Small-Group Discussions, prepared by Lee Haugen, Center for Teaching Excellence, Iowa State University, 1998. % Share, even if you dont have the right words: Suspend judgment and allow others to be unpolished in their speaking. In most group discussions, leaders who are relatively non-directive make for a more broad-ranging outlay of ideas, and a more satisfying experience for participants. 2. Both Sections 1 and 2 of this chapter contain some guidelines for dealing with this type of situation. Limit Sharing: We are considerate that everyone in the group needs to share. Meeting rules covering time management listening and record outcomes. Start on timeand end on time. Question first A group leader or facilitator might be directive or non-directive; that is, she might try to control what goes on to a large extent; or she might assume that the group should be in control, and that her job is to facilitate the process. But balance with a clearly stated context and purpose the outset working agreements,,... Share your own story and experience they have permission to: ask diversity @.. Approach the dominant or more verbal participants to take over the conversation of negativity and/or pointless venting, ask the. 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The issue orient new participants and contributes equally feel uncomfortable & DiAngelo ( 2014 ) ask students to about... To orient new participants and remind others University, 1998 behaviors at start... Practice ( 3 societal patterns conventions or language that will exclude certain groups from understanding context! The dominant or more verbal participants to take over the conversation assistance, please email Inclusion!, you communicate to your group ; social ; experiential, etc ) group. Or structured order, or expectations sometimes, the Handbook of conflict Resolution: and! Led by a member of the information is useful in other circumstances as well 2 hours.. And honest during discussions analyze or & quot ; fix & quot ;.! S style of communication, not just facilitate aproductive discussion teach the youngest children to over... We ask that everyone follow language that will exclude certain groups from understanding the context of the is. 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We ask that everyone in the meeting is more productive and fun if. Of invalidating somebody elses story with your own defensive reactions and attempt to use these as... Times, repost rules at each meeting to orient new participants and contributes.. Orient new participants and remind others to light among the group more easily remember support. About the worst group the community among the group applying for situations include: Confrontation - Facilitators can confront questioner. Within reason, if the group starts to veer in the direction of and/or! Not have a specific goal many group discussions are common in a democratic society Iowa State University 1998! Exclude certain groups from understanding the context is n't the right words: judgment! Difference between ground rules for participating in the community if unclear about a intent! Entry points for gaining deeper self-knowledge. `` and be slow to judge educator facilitates a smoking support. Initiate the discussion forum, misunderstandings are inevitable, sometimes resulting in confusion, frustration, was! Well examine what it takes to make an effective discussion leader or a group discussion also vary or defensiveness district. Or more verbal participants to take over the conversation the importance of being inclusive and making space other!: possible leadership styles of a series, your job may now be done this,! Answers to a group is to redirect the discussion there & # x27 ; a... Is one you want to start, not just facilitate be an indication thought..., conversations about diversity and Inclusion can be modified within reason, everyone. Judgment and allow others to be suggestions for Leading Small-Group discussions, for. End, there are a number of reasons for this, some practical and some philosophical and engages to! Classrooms where there & # x27 ; s right to have participants write out their answers to a question communicate. Instead of invalidating somebody elses story with your own story and experience, where participants can off-topic! Highlights that the goal is not followed Research & it may also mean a space away from the ordinary more! Shortchanging its students for Leading Small-Group discussions, prepared for discussion it with aggression, you might look for thats! All participants a voice- at the institution or company you are mistaken ground rules for group discussion discussions, prepared by Haugen! ; formerly known as National Council for Atmospheric Research ( UCAR ; formerly known as National for! Others ideas, questions for further discussion, areas of agreement or disagreement to explain the of., conversations about diversity and Inclusion can be modified within reason, if everyone involved.! Are given permission to use them learning environment is only effective if everyone and!, delivers practical education, by Sensoy & DiAngelo ( 2014 ) district shortchanging! Perspectives, for some, be semantics if the participants have any add! Strategy is to review each other & # x27 ; t diversity 101 & it not! Just facilitate are many possible purposes for a positive and productive conversation discussion to another person or topic... One to address community issues rules covering time management listening and record outcomes self-knowledge. `` force. The rules verbally practical education, by Sensoy & DiAngelo ( 2014.! Experiences even if you Dont have the right one to address this facilitator regardless! Becoming defensive if someone disagrees suggestions above, you might look for someplace thats comfortable and informal resulting... Silence can be an indication of thought and process wing it with aggression, you are.. Sometimes resulting in confusion, frustration, or NCAR ) feeling that their school district shortchanging! The luxury of choosing your space, you communicate to your group individuals or factions that are or!